The Birth of West Virginia: A Historical Overview

I am always asking “why?” when it come to history. So many decisions and events that have occurred could have turned out a different way to alter the course of history. One such event was the creation of West Virginia.

West Virginia’s journey to statehood is a fascinating tale rooted in the turbulent times of the American Civil War. The state officially separated from Virginia and became the 35th state of the Union on June 20, 1863. Understanding the “when” and “why” of this significant event requires a look at the political, social, and geographical factors that led to the creation of West Virginia.

When Did West Virginia Become a State?

The pivotal moment came on June 20, 1863, when West Virginia was admitted to the Union. However, the process began much earlier, in the early 1860s, amidst the backdrop of the Civil War. The separation was formalized through a series of conventions and legislative actions, culminating in the approval by Congress and President Abraham Lincoln’s signing of the statehood bill.

Why Did West Virginia Become a State?

1. Geographical and Cultural Differences:
   • Topography: The rugged terrain of the Appalachian Mountains created natural divisions between the eastern and western parts of Virginia. The western region, which would become West Virginia, was more isolated and had different economic interests compared to the plantation-dominated east.
   • Economy: While eastern Virginia’s economy was heavily reliant on slavery and large plantations, western Virginia had a more diverse economy that included small-scale farming, timber, and coal mining. This economic disparity led to differing views on issues such as taxation and representation.
2. Political Divergence:
   • Union vs. Confederacy: When Virginia seceded from the Union in April 1861, the counties in the western part of the state were largely pro-Union. The loyalty to the Union among these counties set the stage for a political split. Delegates from these counties met at the Wheeling Conventions (held in May and June 1861) to oppose Virginia’s secession and to establish a loyalist government.
   • Formation of the Restored Government of Virginia: The Wheeling Conventions led to the creation of the Restored Government of Virginia, which claimed to be the legitimate government of the entire state of Virginia but was based in the Union-loyal western region. This government sought to create a new state, free from Confederate control.
3. Legal and Constitutional Steps:
   • Statehood Process: The Restored Government of Virginia gave its consent for the creation of a new state. A statehood bill was introduced to Congress, and after much debate, it was passed. President Lincoln signed the bill on December 31, 1862, and West Virginia was admitted to the Union six months later.
   • Wheeling Conventions: The conventions held in Wheeling were critical in organizing resistance to secession and in laying the groundwork for statehood. The delegates’ decision to form a new state was both a political and practical move to align with the Union and ensure their region’s interests were represented.

Impact and Legacy

The creation of West Virginia during the Civil War was unprecedented. It highlighted the complex interplay of geography, economy, and politics in shaping state boundaries. The new state played a strategic role in the Union war effort, providing vital resources such as coal and timber.

In the years that followed, West Virginia continued to develop its own identity, distinct from its eastern neighbor. Its admission to the Union was not just a reflection of wartime necessity but also a recognition of the distinct cultural and economic landscape that warranted a separate governance.

Today, West Virginia stands as a testament to the enduring impact of the Civil War on the United States’ political and geographical landscape. Its unique path to statehood remains a remarkable chapter in American history, illustrating how regional differences and national conflicts can redefine the map and the very fabric of a nation.

Father’s Day, a cherished occasion honoring the remarkable contributions and enduring presence of fathers, has its roots deeply planted in the small city of Fairmont, West Virginia. The inception of this special day is a story of resilience, love, and the desire to recognize the unwavering support of fathers everywhere.

The Origins

The idea for Father’s Day is often attributed to Sonora Smart Dodd of Spokane, Washington, who wanted to honor her father, a Civil War veteran who single-handedly raised six children. However, Fairmont, West Virginia, holds the honor of hosting the very first recognized celebration of Father’s Day.

The First Celebration

On July 5, 1908, Grace Golden Clayton, a resident of Fairmont, organized a Father’s Day service at the Williams Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church South. The inspiration for this event came from a tragedy—the Monongah Mining Disaster of December 1907, which claimed the lives of 361 men, many of whom were fathers. This devastating event left numerous children fatherless and prompted Grace to propose a day to honor and remember these fathers.

Grace Golden Clayton was deeply moved by the profound grief and loss experienced by the families in her community. Her own father, having passed away, also inspired her desire to commemorate fathers. The service she arranged was a somber yet poignant tribute to the fathers who had perished in the mining disaster, as well as a broader celebration of fatherhood.

Significance and Legacy

Although the initial celebration did not gain widespread national attention, it laid the groundwork for future observances of Father’s Day. It wasn’t until 1972 that Father’s Day was officially recognized as a national holiday in the United States, thanks in large part to the efforts of individuals like Grace Golden Clayton and Sonora Smart Dodd.

Fairmont’s role in the establishment of Father’s Day is a testament to the city’s spirit of community and remembrance. The city continues to honor this legacy, with residents remembering the historical significance of the first Father’s Day service.

Modern-Day Celebrations

Today, Father’s Day is celebrated across the United States and many parts of the world. It is a day filled with expressions of gratitude, love, and appreciation for the fathers and father figures who shape our lives. From gifts and cards to special meals and family gatherings, the essence of Father’s Day remains a heartfelt tribute to fatherhood.

Fairmont, West Virginia, remains proud of its unique place in the history of this special day. The story of the first Father’s Day in Fairmont is a poignant reminder of the impact of community, the importance of remembrance, and the enduring love between fathers and their children.

As we celebrate Father’s Day each year, let us remember the origins of this day and the heartfelt intentions of those who first commemorated it in Fairmont. Their legacy continues to inspire us to honor and cherish the fathers who enrich our lives with their love and guidance.

Biography of Jerry West

Jerry Alan West, often hailed as “Mr. Clutch” and “The Logo,” is one of the most iconic figures in the history of basketball. Born on May 28, 1938, in Cabin Creek and raised in Chelyan, West Virginia, his journey from a small-town boy to an NBA legend is a testament to his incredible talent, relentless work ethic, and passion for the game.

Early Life and High School Career

Jerry West grew up in a small, coal community in West Virginia. The fifth of six children, he faced significant adversity from an early age, including the tragic death of his older brother, David, during World War II. Despite these challenges, West found solace and purpose in basketball. His passion for the game blossomed in his backyard, where he spent countless hours honing his skills.

West attended East Bank High School, where he quickly established himself as a standout player. He was nicknamed “Zeke From Cabin Creek” and earned a large following. His remarkable scoring ability, precise shooting, and tenacious defense made him a local star. In his senior year, he led his team to the state championship, averaging an astonishing 32.2 points per game. His performance earned him All-American honors and attracted the attention of college scouts.

College Career at West Virginia University

West chose to stay close to home for his college career, attending West Virginia University (WVU) in Morgantown. He played for the Mountaineers from 1957 to 1960, becoming one of the most celebrated players in the program’s history.

As a sophomore, West averaged 17.8 points and 11.1 rebounds per game, leading the Mountaineers to the NCAA Tournament. In his junior year, he elevated his game, averaging 26.6 points and 12.3 rebounds per game and guiding WVU to the NCAA championship game. Although the team narrowly lost to California, West’s extraordinary performance earned him the tournament’s Most Outstanding Player award.

In his senior season, West continued to dominate, averaging 29.3 points and 16.5 rebounds per game. He was a consensus first-team All-American and set numerous school records that still stand today. His college career cemented his status as one of the best players in the country and set the stage for his professional career.

NBA Career with the Los Angeles Lakers

In 1960, Jerry West was selected by the Minneapolis Lakers (who relocated to Los Angeles that same year) as the second overall pick in the NBA Draft. Over the next 14 seasons, he became the face of the franchise and one of the greatest players in NBA history.

West’s career with the Lakers was marked by incredible individual achievements and fierce competition. He was known for his clutch performances, earning the nickname “Mr. Clutch” for his ability to deliver in critical moments. He was a 14-time NBA All-Star, a 12-time All-NBA Team member, and a five-time All-Defensive Team member.

One of the defining moments of West’s career came in the 1969 NBA Finals against the Boston Celtics. Despite the Lakers losing the series in seven games, West’s performance was so outstanding that he became the only player in NBA history to win the Finals MVP award from the losing team. His 42-point, 13-rebound, and 12-assist effort in Game 7 remains one of the greatest individual performances in Finals history.

In 1972, West finally achieved his long-sought goal of winning an NBA championship. The Lakers, led by West, Wilt Chamberlain, and Gail Goodrich, defeated the New York Knicks in the Finals. That season, the Lakers also set a record with 33 consecutive wins, a streak that still stands.

West retired in 1974, leaving behind a legacy of 25,192 points, 6,238 assists, and 5,366 rebounds. His career average of 27.0 points per game is one of the highest in NBA history. In recognition of his contributions to the game, the NBA later used his silhouette for their official logo, a fitting tribute to his impact on the sport.

Post-Playing Career and Legacy

After retiring as a player, Jerry West continued to influence the NBA as a coach and executive. He served as the head coach of the Lakers from 1976 to 1979, leading the team to the playoffs three times. However, it was his work as an executive that truly set him apart.

West became the general manager of the Lakers in 1982 and played a pivotal role in building the “Showtime” Lakers, a team that won five NBA championships in the 1980s. He was instrumental in drafting and acquiring key players, including Magic Johnson, James Worthy, and Shaquille O’Neal, and in trading for Kobe Bryant.

In 2002, West joined the Memphis Grizzlies as their general manager, where he helped turn the franchise into a playoff contender. He later served as an executive board member for the Golden State Warriors, contributing to their rise as a dominant force in the NBA, winning multiple championships.

Jerry West’s contributions to basketball have been recognized with numerous honors, including his induction into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1980. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest players and executives in the history of the sport.

Personal Life

Jerry West has been open about his struggles with depression and the personal challenges he faced throughout his life. His candor has helped raise awareness about mental health issues, particularly among athletes.

He married his college sweetheart, Martha Jane Kane, in 1960, and they had three sons. After their divorce, West married Karen Bua in 1978, with whom he has two more sons. Despite the pressures and demands of his career, West has always emphasized the importance of family and personal relationships.

Legacy

Jerry West passed away on June 12, 2024, at the age of 86. Jerry West’s life and career are a testament to the power of perseverance, talent, and resilience. From his humble beginnings in West Virginia to his status as an NBA icon, he has left an indelible mark on the sport of basketball. His legacy as a player, coach, and executive continues to inspire generations of athletes and fans around the world.

Discovering the Martha Washington Inn in Abingdon, Virginia

Nestled in the picturesque town of Abingdon, Virginia, the Martha Washington Inn stands as a testament to Southern charm, rich history, and timeless elegance. This historic inn, affectionately known as “The Martha,” has been a prominent fixture in the region for nearly two centuries, offering guests a unique blend of luxury and historical significance.

A Storied Past

The Martha Washington Inn was originally built in 1832 as a private residence for General Francis Preston and his family. The Georgian-style mansion soon became one of the most distinguished homes in Abingdon. However, its purpose transformed dramatically over the years, reflecting the changing tides of American history.

In 1858, the mansion was converted into the Martha Washington College for Women, named in honor of the nation’s first First Lady, Martha Washington. The college educated young women for nearly seventy-five years, closing its doors in 1932 during the Great Depression. Throughout its tenure as an educational institution, the college earned a reputation for academic excellence and cultural enrichment.

The Civil War Era

During the Civil War, the Martha Washington College building served as a makeshift hospital for both Confederate and Union soldiers. The inn’s rich tapestry of history includes tales of bravery, sacrifice, and haunting. It is said that the inn is home to several resident ghosts, including the spirit of a young nurse who cared for wounded soldiers. Her presence is a poignant reminder of the inn’s role in one of the most tumultuous periods in American history.

The Birth of the Inn

In 1935, the property was reborn as the Martha Washington Inn. Embracing its historical roots, the inn has meticulously preserved its 19th-century charm while incorporating modern amenities to cater to contemporary guests. Today, it operates as a luxury hotel, offering a blend of historical elegance and modern comfort that attracts visitors from around the world.

Architectural Splendor

The Martha Washington Inn’s architecture is a splendid example of Georgian and Federal styles. The grand columns, sweeping staircases, and beautifully appointed rooms transport guests back to a bygone era. The inn’s public spaces are adorned with period furnishings, artwork, and antiques, creating an ambiance that is both opulent and inviting.

Modern Luxury

While the inn pays homage to its historic past, it also offers the finest in modern luxury. Guests can indulge in a range of amenities, including a full-service spa, indoor saltwater pool, and beautifully landscaped gardens. The on-site restaurant, Sisters American Grill, serves delectable Southern cuisine made from locally sourced ingredients, providing a culinary experience that complements the inn’s sophisticated atmosphere.

Cultural and Historical Significance

The Martha Washington Inn is not just a place to stay; it is a living museum. Guided tours of the inn are available, offering visitors a glimpse into its storied past. Each room and hallway tells a story, from the Civil War era to its days as a women’s college. The inn is also closely connected to the nearby Barter Theatre, the State Theatre of Virginia, which is one of the oldest professional theatres in the United States.

Events and Weddings

The Martha Washington Inn is a popular venue for weddings, conferences, and special events. Its historical charm, picturesque setting, and impeccable service make it an ideal location for creating memorable occasions. The inn’s staff is dedicated to providing a seamless experience, ensuring that every event is executed with elegance and precision.

A Place of Legend

Among the many tales associated with the inn, one of the most famous is the story of the “Room 403.” Legend has it that this room is haunted by the ghost of a young girl who died of tuberculosis. Guests and staff have reported strange occurrences, such as the sound of a ball bouncing in the hallway and unexplained cold spots. These ghostly tales add an element of intrigue and mystery to the inn’s already rich historical narrative.

Visiting the Martha Washington Inn

For those seeking a getaway that combines luxury, history, and Southern hospitality, the Martha Washington Inn is an unparalleled destination. Whether you are a history buff, a lover of fine architecture, or simply in search of a relaxing retreat, the inn offers something for everyone.

Located in the heart of Abingdon, Virginia, the inn is easily accessible and surrounded by the natural beauty of the Appalachian Mountains. Guests can explore the town’s charming streets, enjoy outdoor activities, or attend performances at the Barter Theatre.

Biography of Blind Alfred Reed

Blind Alfred Reed was an American folk and country musician whose poignant and socially conscious songs captured the essence of life in early 20th-century Appalachia. Born on June 15, 1880, in Floyd, Virginia, Reed became a significant figure in the world of old-time music, known for his distinct voice, fiddle playing, and incisive lyrics that addressed the economic and social issues of his time.

Early Life and Background

Alfred Reed was born blind, a condition that would shape his life and music. Despite his disability, Reed developed a keen sense of the world around him through sound, touch, and the oral traditions of his community. Raised in a modest household, he moved with his family to West Virginia in the late 19th century, where they settled in the town of Bluefield.

Reed’s blindness did not deter him from pursuing music. He learned to play the fiddle at a young age, an instrument that became his lifelong companion. His early musical influences were likely drawn from the rich Appalachian folk traditions, hymns, and popular songs of the time.

Musical Career

Reed began performing at local gatherings, church functions, and community events, quickly gaining a reputation for his heartfelt singing and skillful fiddle playing. His music often reflected the struggles and stories of everyday people, touching on themes of hardship, morality, and social justice.

In 1927, Reed’s life took a significant turn when he traveled to Bristol, Tennessee, to participate in the now-famous Bristol Sessions, organized by talent scout Ralph Peer for the Victor Talking Machine Company. These sessions are often considered the “Big Bang” of country music, bringing to prominence several influential musicians, including the Carter Family and Jimmie Rodgers.

During the Bristol Sessions, Reed recorded several songs that would become staples of his repertoire. Among them was “The Wreck of the Virginian,” a ballad recounting a tragic train accident, and “The Prayer of the Drunkard’s Plea,” a moralistic song about the perils of alcohol. These recordings showcased Reed’s ability to blend storytelling with social commentary, a hallmark of his music.

Themes and Legacy

Blind Alfred Reed’s songs often addressed pressing social issues and moral dilemmas, resonating deeply with his audience. One of his most famous compositions, “How Can a Poor Man Stand Such Times and Live?” poignantly captured the struggles of ordinary people during the Great Depression. The song’s lyrics lament the economic hardships and social injustices faced by the poor, reflecting Reed’s deep empathy and social awareness.

Another notable song, “Always Lift Him Up and Never Knock Him Down,” conveyed a message of compassion and support for those facing difficulties. Reed’s music often encouraged moral behavior, community solidarity, and resilience in the face of adversity.

Reed continued to perform and record music throughout his life, though his recordings after the Bristol Sessions were limited. His influence, however, extended far beyond his lifetime. His songs have been covered and adapted by numerous artists, including Ry Cooder, who popularized “How Can a Poor Man Stand Such Times and Live?” in the 1970s.

Personal Life and Death

Blind Alfred Reed lived a modest life, deeply rooted in his Appalachian community. He married Nettie Sheard in 1903, among their six children was a son, Arville Reed, who occasionally performed with his father. Despite his blindness, Reed remained active and engaged in his community, using his music as a means to connect with others and convey important messages.

Blind Alfred Reed quit recording in 1929 but continued performing locally until an ordinance was passed in 1937 that banned blind street performances. He lived out the rest of his life in obscurity. Despite longstanding rumors that he died of starvation, his descendants have stated that he was well taken care of for the rest of his life.

Reed passed away on January 17, 1956, in Bluefield, West Virginia, leaving behind a legacy of music that continues to resonate with listeners today. His contributions to folk and country music are remembered for their emotional depth, social relevance, and enduring appeal.

Conclusion

Blind Alfred Reed’s music remains a vital part of American folk and country heritage. His ability to articulate the struggles and hopes of his time through song has ensured his place in the annals of music history. Reed’s legacy lives on through his recordings and the continued relevance of his lyrics, offering a window into the life and times of early 20th-century Appalachia and the enduring power of music to address social issues and uplift the human spirit.

“In the West Virginia hills there must be ten thousand stills And they found the biggest one outside of Bluefield. A little peaceful country town, nothing else for miles around, I saw whiskey run like water down through Bluefield” I can thank my dad for causing me to think of that old Stonewall Jackson song almost every time I roll past the Mercer County line into Bluefield, WV.

Our travel itinerary took us into Bluefield for a visit to “nature’s air-conditioned city, where the summer spends the winter.” The city earned the nickname of “Air-Conditioned City” for the historically mild summer temperatures. Beginning in 1938 and continuing forward, the Chamber of Commerce has given out free lemonade on days that the temperature crosses over 90 degrees Fahrenheit. I guess this history alone would make Bluefield a pretty cool town to visit (feel free to groan at that one) but there’s more to the story.

The foundation for what would become Bluefield began in the 18th century when two families, the Davidsons and Baileys, settled in the area and built a fort along Bluestone River. In 1882, the families sold a good amount of their land as Captain John Fields began building what would become the Norfolk and Western Railway. Norfolk and Western would be a large benefactor of the coal boom in the 1890s and early 1900s and Bluefield would become the local hub.

The bituminous coal of the Pocahontas Coal Fields were considered by many to be the finest in the country during this time and the only way to transport it was by railroad. Like many surrounding communities, Bluefield’s population exploded during the coal boom growing from 1,775 people in 1890 to 21,506 people at the peak in 1950.

The rail yard was the main driver of this growth and the city grew with the fortunes of the Norfolk and Western Railroad. Houses and businesses sprung up all over the city in the early 20th century with demand was so large that you can still see the large houses built on tiny lots all crowded together. The city became among the first in the world to have large high-rise buildings and was nicknamed a “Little New York” for the activity and ethnic diversity.

Bluefield became full of shops and an active nightlife that seemed destined to make it someday rival Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was not meant to be as the Great Depression came along in the 1930s and almost wiped out the city financially. A series of fires in the downtown area burned down much of the high-rise buildings during this same time period.

Bluefield had a resurgence around the start of World War II as coal was in much demand to make steel which was vital for the war effort. In fact, the importance of Bluefield rose so greatly that it was rumored a target of Adolf Hitler’s Third Reich in Germany on their hit list for an air raid by the Luftwaffe. Emergency drills were conducted during this time to have the city prepared in the event of an air strike.

The end of World War II and the continued shrinking of dependence on rail traffic led to a decline in the fortunes of Norfolk and Western which put the squeeze on Bluefield. Amtrak closed its Bluefield station during the 1980s further dampening the local economy.

The population of Bluefield began to decline in the 1960s and has continued to drop through the census of 2010 to a population of 10,447. I worked at the Mercer Mall in Bluefield in the 1990s and the future at that time looked very bleak as the downtown area was riddled with empty, dilapidated buildings. Housing was also in soft demand resulting in rock bottom prices for real estate locally. At that time, I didn’t hold much hope for a rebound and expected Bluefield to potentially turn into a ghost town.

I was happy to see on this trip that many of the buildings in the worst condition have been leveled. There has also been a concerted effort to beautify the downtown district by having murals painted and adding other artistic and landscape additions. Bluefield is most certainly still in a state of transition but what looked impossible at one time looks very possible now. The area is accentuating their historical aspects such as the 12-story tall former West Virginian Hotel, which is still intact and used as the West Virginia Manor Home.

They also have a section dedicated to telling the history of the town at a park which has been constructed in an area that once was home to some of the worst buildings. The old city hall building has been converted into an arts-friendly structure and their are several antique stores in the area. Bluefield still has work to do but they’ve definitely come a long way in resuscitating this vital city in Appalachia.

The Internment Camp at Hot Springs, North Carolina

During World War I, Hot Springs, North Carolina, was the site of an internment camp for German civilians, an often-overlooked chapter of American history. This internment camp, located in a small mountain town in Madison County, housed German nationals who were in the United States when the war broke out. The camp’s story provides insight into the complexities of wartime policies and the impact on individuals caught in the conflict.

Background

At the onset of World War I in 1914, the United States maintained a position of neutrality. However, when the U.S. entered the war in April 1917, the government began to take measures against potential enemy nationals living within its borders. This included the internment of German citizens, who were considered enemy aliens.

The internment policy targeted German nationals who were either residing in the U.S. or caught in the country when the war began. Many of these individuals were merchant sailors, businessmen, or tourists who suddenly found themselves detained far from home.

Establishment of the Camp

The internment camp at Hot Springs was established in the spring of 1917. The site chosen for the camp was the Mountain Park Hotel, a luxurious resort known for its therapeutic hot springs. The hotel’s spacious grounds and existing facilities made it an ideal location for housing a large number of internees.

By May 1917, the first group of German internees arrived at Hot Springs. The number of internees varied over time, but at its peak, the camp housed around 2,500 individuals. These included crew members from German merchant ships seized in American ports, as well as other German nationals deemed a threat to national security.

Life in the Camp

Life in the internment camp was relatively structured and regulated. The internees were housed in the hotel and additional barracks constructed on the grounds. Despite being detained, they were provided with basic necessities, including food, medical care, and recreational activities.

The internees formed a self-contained community within the camp. They organized sports teams, orchestras, and theatrical performances to pass the time and maintain morale. The camp even had its own newspaper, the “Hot Springs Echo,” which was written and published by the internees.

While the conditions at the Hot Springs camp were generally better than those in many other internment facilities, there were still challenges. The internees faced uncertainty about their futures and the strain of being separated from their families and homeland. Communication with the outside world was limited, and there were occasional tensions between the internees and the guards.

Impact on Hot Springs

The presence of the internment camp had a significant impact on the small town of Hot Springs. The local economy benefited from the influx of government funds used to operate the camp. Local businesses provided goods and services to the camp, and many residents found employment there.

However, the camp also brought a degree of unease to the town. The internment of German nationals, some of whom had been well-respected members of the community, created an atmosphere of suspicion and fear. Additionally, the transformation of a beloved resort into a wartime internment facility was a stark reminder of the global conflict.

Closure and Legacy

The internment camp at Hot Springs operated until the end of World War I. In November 1918, following the Armistice, plans were made to repatriate the internees. By early 1919, most of the German nationals had been sent back to Germany or released under specific conditions.

The Mountain Park Hotel eventually resumed its role as a resort, but the internment camp left a lasting legacy in Hot Springs. The memory of the camp and the experiences of the internees are preserved through local history efforts and the stories passed down by residents.

Today, the story of the Hot Springs internment camp is a poignant reminder of a complex period in American history. It highlights the challenges faced by those caught in the crossfire of international conflict and the ways in which communities adapt to extraordinary circumstances. The internment camp’s history also serves as a testament to the resilience and resourcefulness of the internees who sought to create a semblance of normalcy in a time of upheaval.

Waynesville, North Carolina: A Historical and Cultural Biography

Nestled in the heart of the Great Smoky Mountains, Waynesville, North Carolina, is a charming town rich in history, culture, and natural beauty. As the largest town in Haywood County, Waynesville serves as a gateway to the majestic landscapes of western North Carolina and offers a vibrant community with deep-rooted traditions and a welcoming atmosphere. As of the last census, Waynesville had a population of 9,869, making it the largest town west of Asheville in North Carolina.

Early History and Founding

The area now known as Waynesville has a history that dates back to the early 19th century. It was founded by Colonel Robert Love, a Revolutionary War soldier who played a significant role in the development of western North Carolina. In 1810, Love donated land for the establishment of the town, which was named in honor of General “Mad” Anthony Wayne, a famed military leader from the Revolutionary War.

Waynesville’s early growth was spurred by its strategic location along major trading routes and its proximity to natural resources. The town quickly became a center for agriculture, particularly known for its production of corn, tobacco, and livestock. The arrival of the railroad in the late 19th century further boosted Waynesville’s development, making it more accessible and encouraging tourism and commerce.

The Civil War and Reconstruction

During the Civil War, Waynesville and the surrounding region experienced significant turmoil. The town saw its fair share of conflict, including the skirmish known as the Battle of Waynesville in 1865, which was one of the last engagements of the Civil War. After the war, Waynesville, like much of the South, faced the challenges of Reconstruction. Despite these difficulties, the town slowly rebuilt and continued to grow.

Tourism and the Arts

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Waynesville began to emerge as a popular destination for tourists seeking the restorative qualities of the mountain air and the beauty of the Smoky Mountains. The establishment of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 1934 further cemented Waynesville’s status as a hub for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.

The town’s picturesque setting and vibrant community also attracted artists, musicians, and writers, contributing to a flourishing cultural scene. Waynesville became known for its arts and crafts, with numerous galleries and studios showcasing the work of local artisans. The annual Folkmoot USA, an international folk festival held in Waynesville, celebrates this cultural diversity and attracts performers and visitors from around the world.

Modern Waynesville

Today, Waynesville is a thriving community that honors its rich history while embracing modernity. The town’s historic downtown area, with its well-preserved architecture and quaint shops, offers a glimpse into the past while providing a vibrant space for contemporary commerce and social gatherings.

Waynesville’s economy has diversified over the years, with tourism, agriculture, and small businesses forming the backbone of the local economy. The town is also home to a growing number of retirees and newcomers drawn by its scenic beauty, mild climate, and welcoming community.

Natural Beauty and Outdoor Activities

One of Waynesville’s greatest assets is its proximity to some of the most stunning natural landscapes in the United States. The town is situated near the Blue Ridge Parkway, offering residents and visitors easy access to hiking, biking, and scenic drives. The Pisgah National Forest and the Great Smoky Mountains National Park provide endless opportunities for outdoor recreation, including camping, fishing, and wildlife observation.

Lake Junaluska, a serene man-made lake located just outside of Waynesville, is another popular destination. It offers a variety of recreational activities, including boating, fishing, and walking along the picturesque lakeside trails.

Community and Education

Waynesville is known for its strong sense of community and commitment to education. The town is served by the Haywood County School District, which provides quality education to local children. Additionally, the Haywood Community College offers higher education opportunities and workforce development programs, supporting the town’s economic growth and providing residents with valuable skills and training.

The community spirit in Waynesville is evident in its numerous festivals, events, and community initiatives. The Apple Harvest Festival, held annually in downtown Waynesville, celebrates the region’s agricultural heritage and attracts thousands of visitors. The town also hosts regular farmers markets, art shows, and music festivals, fostering a vibrant and connected community.

Preserving Heritage

Waynesville takes great pride in preserving its historical heritage. The Museum of North Carolina Handicrafts, located in the historic Shelton House, showcases traditional crafts and artifacts, highlighting the region’s cultural history. The town’s historic preservation efforts ensure that the charm and character of Waynesville are maintained for future generations to enjoy.

Conclusion

Waynesville, North Carolina, is a town where history, culture, and natural beauty converge. From its early days as a frontier settlement to its present status as a vibrant community, Waynesville has retained its unique charm and welcoming spirit. Whether exploring the scenic landscapes, enjoying the rich cultural offerings, or simply strolling through the historic downtown, visitors and residents alike can appreciate the special qualities that make Waynesville a beloved destination in the heart of the Appalachian Mountains.

Biography of Grace Moore: Tennessee’s Nightingale

Grace Moore, known as the “Tennessee Nightingale,” was a renowned American opera singer and actress who captivated audiences with her powerful voice and charismatic presence. Born on December 5, 1898, in Slabtown, Tennessee, Moore rose from humble beginnings to become one of the most celebrated sopranos of her time. Her life story is a testament to talent, determination, and the pursuit of artistic excellence.

Early Life

Mary Willie Grace Moore was born to Richard Lawson Moore and Jane Stokely Moore. She grew up in a modest household in Del Rio, a small community in Cocke County, Tennessee. From an early age, Moore exhibited a natural talent for music, often singing in her church choir and at local gatherings. Her early exposure to gospel and folk music would lay the foundation for her future career.

The Moore family moved to Jellico, Tennessee, when Grace was a child. It was in Jellico that her musical abilities began to garner attention. Recognizing her potential, her family supported her pursuit of a formal music education. She attended the Ward-Belmont College in Nashville, a prestigious institution known for its strong emphasis on the arts.

Pursuing a Dream

In 1920, Grace Moore moved to New York City to further her musical education and pursue a career in opera. She studied under several prominent voice teachers, honing her craft and expanding her repertoire. Her determination paid off when she made her professional debut in 1928 as a soprano with the Metropolitan Opera, one of the most esteemed opera companies in the world.

Moore’s debut role was that of Mimi in Giacomo Puccini’s “La Bohème.” Her performance was met with critical acclaim, and she quickly established herself as a leading soprano. Her powerful voice, combined with her emotive acting, set her apart from her contemporaries. Audiences were captivated by her ability to convey deep emotion through her singing, and she became a favorite among opera enthusiasts.

Hollywood and Stardom

In addition to her success on the opera stage, Grace Moore ventured into the world of film. The burgeoning film industry offered her an opportunity to reach a broader audience and showcase her talent in a new medium. In 1930, she signed a contract with MGM and made her film debut in “A Lady’s Morals,” where she portrayed the legendary opera singer Jenny Lind.

Moore’s transition to Hollywood was seamless, and she became one of the few opera singers to achieve significant success in both opera and film. Her most famous movie, “One Night of Love” (1934), earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. The film featured several operatic arias, and Moore’s performances were praised for their authenticity and emotional depth.

Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Moore continued to balance her opera and film careers. She appeared in several successful films, including “Love Me Forever” (1935) and “The King Steps Out” (1936). Her roles often highlighted her vocal prowess and brought opera to a wider audience, contributing to the popularization of classical music in America.

International Fame

Grace Moore’s talent and charisma were not confined to the United States. She enjoyed a successful international career, performing in major opera houses and concert halls across Europe. Her performances in Paris, London, and Milan solidified her reputation as a world-class soprano. She was particularly admired for her interpretations of Puccini and Verdi roles, and her recordings were widely praised.

During World War II, Moore used her fame to support the Allied war effort. She performed for troops and participated in fundraising events, earning admiration for her patriotism and dedication. Her efforts during the war further endeared her to audiences and showcased her generosity and compassion.

Personal Life

Grace Moore married Spanish actor and film director Valentín Parera in 1931. The couple met while working on a film in Hollywood, and their marriage was a union of two artistic talents. Despite the demands of their careers, they maintained a strong and supportive relationship. Parera often accompanied Moore on her international tours, and the couple’s partnership was marked by mutual respect and admiration.

Moore’s personal life was characterized by her humility and connection to her roots. Despite her fame and success, she remained deeply connected to her family and her hometown in Tennessee. She frequently returned to Jellico and Del Rio, where she supported local arts initiatives and inspired young musicians.

Tragic End and Legacy

Grace Moore’s life was tragically cut short on January 26, 1947, when she died in a plane crash near Copenhagen, Denmark. She was en route to Sweden for a series of performances when the accident occurred. Her untimely death shocked the world and left a void in the hearts of her fans and colleagues.

In the years following her death, Moore’s legacy has endured. She is remembered not only for her remarkable voice and contributions to opera and film but also for her pioneering role in bridging classical music and popular culture. Her recordings continue to be celebrated, and her story inspires aspiring musicians.

The Tennessee Nightingale, as she was affectionately known, remains a symbol of artistic excellence and perseverance. Grace Moore’s journey from a small town in Tennessee to the world’s grandest stages is a testament to the power of talent, hard work, and the enduring appeal of music.

“It’s the worst thing that’s ever happened in Floyd County…the very worst thing.”

The above quote was from Josephine Fields, a resident of Floyd County, KY, to describe one of the worst tragedies in Appalachian history. February 28th will mark the 66th anniversary of the Prestonsburg school bus disaster. Sixty-six years may sound like a long time but for those who remember the tragedy there is a pain that is still vivid.

February 28, 1958, began like a lot of days this time of year in Prestonsburg as it was cold, cloudy and had been raining heavily the night before. The Floyd County No. 27 bus made its normal rounds eventually loading up 48 elementary and high school kids headed for their classes. The day seemed average and typical with kids aboard doing what children do on their way to school – some were talking, laughing and joking, some were still sleepy from the early morning hour, others were sitting quietly just waiting to get to school – no one saw how this day would turn so tragic in the blink of an eye.

Bus 27 was making its way down U.S. Route 23 when up ahead there was a wrecker attempting to pull out a pickup truck which had gotten stuck in a ditch. The driver of the bus, John Alex DeRossett, reportedly never slowed down as bus 27 plowed into the rear of the wrecker. The impact of the collision caused the school bus to take a hard left sending it down a 50-foot embankment into the rain-swollen Levisa Fork of the Big Sandy River. DeRossett is thought to have been instantly knocked unconscious leaving the children to fend for themselves. The bus initially sat bobbing on top of the river as it rapidly began to fill with water allowing some children to escape out windows and the rear emergency door.

Survivors described the horrific scene of brothers and sisters frantically searching for each other on the bus. A few small children hugged up to each other paralyzed by fear and uncertain of what to do. More and more children jumped into the fast-moving current of the river as rushing water continued to fill the bus. Children were seen grabbing on to tree branches, holding on for dear life, as others were left flailing in the water, unable to swim as the powerful current began to sweep them away one by one. One of the most heartbreaking descriptions was a witness who spoke of seeing little hands and arms reaching out the windows of the bus in a desperate grasp for a rescuer that never came. The bus soon disappeared completely submerged under the waters of the Big Sandy River. The headcount of survivors stood at 22 meaning that 26 children and the bus driver were still missing.

Volunteer rescuers came in droves in an attempt to locate any additional survivors but the bus was nowhere to be found. Hours turned into days as the Kentucky National Guard and local volunteers worked around the clock to locate the missing bus. Finally, the bus was located by Navy divers some 250 yards from the point it entered the water when they spotted the body of one of the missing boys floating not far from the surface, as he had gotten stuck in a window of the bus when trying to escape. Bulldozers pulled the bus from the water an agonizingly long 53 hours after the wreck. The bus was filled with mud as aboard they found the body of DeRossett and 14 of the children leaving 12 children still unaccounted for. Nets were cast across the Big Sandy River several miles from the accident in an attempt to catch other bodies. Boats dragged the river day after day attempting to recover the unaccounted for missing children. Finally. the last body was found 69 days after the initial wreck almost three miles downstream from the accident giving a very small measure of closure to the grieving in Floyd County. The final death toll was 27 including the 27-year-old bus driver and the 26 school children ranging from 8 to 17 years of age. Four families lost two of their children and one family lost all three of their children to the tragedy.

The aftermath of the tragedy was a grim scene of funeral after funeral being held for the deceased. Each funeral touched off a new round of inconsolable, grieving families and friends mourning their lost loved ones. Many of the survivors of the wreck felt a sense of guilt for having survived while others perished, not an uncommon reaction to these types of tragedies. The emotional and psychological toll the tragedy took on those impacted is impossible to quantify.

Everyone was left with the question of why the accident happened – a question that has never been fully answered. Speculation of everything from the bus driver suffering a heart attack to the driver of the wrecker backing up into the bus all proved to be false. In any case, nothing will change what happened that fateful day that resulted in 27 lives taken way too soon. The town placed a monument in memory of the lost although it is not in the spot of the accident – the families preferred to not have a marker there. At the time it occurred, the Prestonsburg bus disaster was the deadliest in the history of the United States and is still in the top three worst in the nation’s history. Kentucky would suffer another equally deadly bus crash 30 years later with the Carrollton bus disaster that also killed 27 in 1988.

As any parent knows, the thought of losing a young child is unbearable and to lose two or more at the same time is incomprehensible. We all have to trust that when our kids are out of our care they are safely at school. The terror and agony experienced by the families in Floyd County is a sobering reminder that despite our best efforts we are all at the mercy of fate. I often hear parents complain when school is cancelled for weather on a day that ends up not being severe but you’ll never get that from me. I personally would much rather the school system be safe than sorry and I trust God to do the rest. I know reading about and researching this made me give my children a couple of extra long hugs this week. – Shane

*The Prestonsburg school bus disaster inspired a documentary entitled, “The Very Worst Thing” by Kentucky filmmaker Michael Crisp and two songs, “No School Bus in Heaven” by the Stanley Brothers and “The Tragedy of Bus 27” by Ralph Bowman.*